In 1950, Africa’s population was just 228.7 million, but by 2022, that number skyrocketed to around 1.5 billion, accounting for about 17.89% of the world’s population. By 2050, this figure is expected to reach 2.5 billion, fueled by high fertility rates, decreasing mortality rates, and more young people entering their reproductive years.
Interestingly, while Africa’s population continues to grow, many high-income countries are either shrinking or starting to see a decline.
According to the data from the United Nations as of September 2024, among the top 10 countries projected to drive future global population growth, five are in Africa and four are in Asia.
Already the world’s most populous nation, India is expected to add 147 million people. Following closely is Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country and the fourth largest economy on the continent.
Collectively, these 10 countries are anticipated to contribute 49% of global population growth by 2037. Notably, none of these nations are from Latin America, Oceania, or Europe.
The world’s population is likely to keep growing until it peaks around the 2080s, possibly exceeding 10 billion.
This rapid population growth presents opportunities and challenges for Africa’s economic development. While a large, youthful workforce can drive innovation and market expansion, it also poses risks like high unemployment and strain on resources.
| Rank | Country | Growth (2024-2037) |
|---|---|---|
|
1 |
Nigeria |
65M |
|
2 |
DRC |
51M |
|
3 |
Ethiopia |
46M |
|
4 |
Tanzania |
28M |
|
5 |
Egypt |
23M |
