5 African countries with the lowest adult literacy rate

Literacy, the ability to read and write, is a fundamental skill that empowers individuals to participate meaningfully in society and enhances economic opportunities. Globally, we have seen commendable efforts in raising literacy rates, but there are still major differences, with some areas making faster progress in education than others.

In many parts of the world, free and compulsory education policies have played a big role in boosting literacy rates. Developed countries, with their strong education systems, often boast adult literacy rates above 90%, thanks to nearly universal access to resources and digital literacy programs that make it even easier for people to stay up to speed.

In an earlier article, Business Insider Africa revealed that literacy rates still vary significantly across regions and countries, reflecting disparities in access to education, educational infrastructure, and resources.

Between 2018 and 2022, Seychelles topped the list in Africa for adult literacy, with about 96% of adults able to read and write. São Tomé and Príncipe followed at 94%, and Namibia at 92%. Across the continent, the average literacy rate was around 67%, with Southern Africa leading the way as the most literate region, according to Statista.

On the flip side, some African countries still face challenges, with adult literacy rates falling below 50%, especially in regions struggling with poverty, conflict, and limited resources. Countries like Niger, Chad, and Burkina Faso are particularly affected, with some of the world’s lowest literacy levels, often lingering around 30%.